Diet quality and health are outcomes that depend on numerous behaviors, e.g., choice of food consumed and amount consumed, use of dietary supplements, and physical activity. Some behaviors are complementary, others may be used as substitutes (for example, an individual could consume calcium supplements as a substitute for consuming calcium-rich foods). Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), the research will develop and test a patterning strategy for food consumption and relevant lifestyle behaviors. It will examine patterns of substitution and complementarity among the behaviors characteristic of each pattern, and assess the impact of lifestyle patterns on diet quality and health.